ELECTROPHYSICAL AGENTS
1) What is Therapeutic Ultrasound?
Therapeutic Ultrasound is one method of stimulating tissue beneath the skin's surface using sound waves. It is a very high frequency massage that can penetrate up to 5" below the surface of your skin
2) Therapeutic effect
Increase blood circulation, reduce swelling
- Stimulates healing without irritation
- Speeds metabolism and improves blood flow
- Breaks up and softens scar tissue and adhesions
- Reduces inflammation, swelling, and calcium deposits
- Reduces nerve root irritation
- Enhances the body's natural healing process
- Speeds metabolism and improves blood flow
- Breaks up and softens scar tissue and adhesions
- Reduces inflammation, swelling, and calcium deposits
- Reduces nerve root irritation
- Enhances the body's natural healing process
3) Contraindication
4) Indication
Muscle spasm
Sport injuries, swelling
5) Physiological effect
Promote blood circulation, reduce oedema
TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) Machine
a. Indication
- Neurogenic pain
- Musculoskeletal pain
- Visceral pain
- Diabetic neuropathy
b. Contraindication
- patients with a pacemaker
- pregnancy
- sensory impairment
c. Effects
- relieve stiffness, improve mobility, and relieve pain
Cervical traction
a. Indication
-neck/low back pain
b. Contraindication
· acute torticollis,
· restrictive lung disease,
· active peptic ulcer,
· aortic aneurysm,
· pregnancy uterus
c. Effect
-Relieve Sore and Stiff Neck,
-Relieve Tension and Stress in Neck,
-Correct and Prevent Bad Posture
Short wave diathermy
· Physiology effects
-increase blood flow
-increase muscle properties
-reduce muscle properties
-increase circulation
-irritation effect
· Therapeutic effects
-reduce in pain
-reduce muscle spasm
-help in healing process
-resolution in inflammation
-control chronic infection
-increase extensibility of fibrous tissue
· Indications
-treat deep and superficial tissue
-disorder of musculoskeletal system
-chronic arthritis
-joint stiffness
-bursitis
-oedema
-swelling
-degenerative of joint disease
-capsulitis
· Contraindications
-metal implant
-using liniment
-loss of skin sensation
-malignant
-using pacemaker
-bleeding area
-severe oedema
-unreliable patient
-tuberculosis
-analgesic drugs
-recent radiotherapy
-pregnancy uterus
-using intra uterine device
-venous thrombosis
Hydrocollator pack
· Physiotherapeutic effects
-heat production
-hyperaemia
-sedative effect
· Therapeutic effects
-relieve pain
-resolution of inflammation
-reduce oedema
-soft the adhesion and reduce the contraction of tissue
· Indications
-superficial pain (strain,sprain,tear,confusion,spasm)
-swelling
-muscle fatigue
-preparation for reeducation of muscle post injury
-reduce oedema
-post prolong immobilization
-post exercise pain
-peripheral joint pain
· Contraindications
-dermatology
-circulatory dysfunction
-skin allergic to moist heat
-patient under high dose of analgesic
-infection and open wound
-loss of sensation
-unreliable
· Physiological effects
-heat production
-circulatory effects
-analgesic effects
-stretching effects
· Indications
-pain and muscle spasm
-oedema and inflammation
-adhesion and scar
· Contraindications
-impairment of skin sensation
-malignant tissue
-deep x-ray therapy
-tuberculosis
-analgesic drugs
-circulatory dysfunction
-unreliable
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